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Today’s global warming is unique among the Earth’s warm periods. The rise in average world-wide temperature (0.7°C over the past 100 years) is much faster-paced than the warming after an ice age (4 – 7°C over 5000 years).90 And the rise of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere (80 parts […]

Last month, Dr. Phil Wilby’s crew drew a picture of a belemnite — a Jurassic squid — with its own ink.70 “We felt … it would be the ultimate self-portrait,” Wilby said. From Dr. Wilby, and other scientists, we can tell a story of how his crew may have gotten […]

“For all the Pan-Africanism of the last four decades,” said Hugo Van Vuuren, “it is quite rare to have young students from South, East, and West Africa, in the same room without a soccer ball somehow involved.“x1 Van Vuuren was talking about himself and three other Africans, who along with two Americans formed Lebônê […]

31 cargo ships and barges stranded, twelve ships sunk with crew, 253 sailors drowned — that was the the toll of the most disastrous storm ever to hit the Great Lakes. The first November gale of 1913 started on western Lake Superior when warm southwest winds sped up on Thursday the 6th. On […]

“Water! Water! Water!” wrote an early surveyor of northwestern Ohio, “tall timber! deep water! Not a blade of grass growing or a bird to be seen50.” The surveyor was traveling in the Great Black Swamp, a forty mile (64 km) swath stretching from the western end of Lake Erie nearly to Fort […]